Tenses in Use (Present, Past, Future)

by Rich DeFion Posted on

 

Intermediate English Course: Tenses in Use (Present, Past, Future ব্যবহার)

Lesson Objectives (ক্লাসের লক্ষ্য)

  1. Present, Past ও Future Tenses সঠিকভাবে ব্যবহার করা শেখা।
  2. সাধারণ বাক্য, প্রশ্ন ও নেতিবাচক বাক্যে বিভিন্ন Tense ব্যবহার অনুশীলন করা।
  3. দৈনন্দিন জীবনের উদাহরণ দিয়ে Tense ব্যবহার প্র্যাকটিস করা।

1. Present Tense (বর্তমান কাল)

Types of Present Tense (বর্তমান কাল-এর ধরন)

  1. Simple Present (সাধারণ বর্তমান কাল)
    • Use: Routine, habits, facts
      → দৈনন্দিন অভ্যাস, সত্য, নিয়ম
    • Structure:
      • Positive: Subject + Verb (base/verb+s)
        • I/You/We/They play football.
        • He/She/It plays football.
      • Negative: Subject + do/does + not + Verb
        • I/You/We/They do not (don’t) play football.
        • He/She/It does not (doesn’t) play football.
      • Question: Do/Does + Subject + Verb?
        • Do you play football?
        • Does he play football?
  2. Present Continuous (চলমান বর্তমান কাল)
    • Use: Action happening now
      → এখন যা ঘটছে
    • Structure: Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing
      • I am playing football.
      • He/She is playing football.
      • They are playing football.

2. Past Tense (অতীত কাল)

Types of Past Tense (অতীত কাল-এর ধরন)

  1. Simple Past (সাধারণ অতীত কাল)
    • Use: Completed action in the past
      → অতীতে সম্পন্ন কাজ
    • Structure: Subject + Verb (past form)
      • I played football yesterday.
      • Negative: Subject + did not + Verb (base)
        • I did not (didn’t) play football yesterday.
      • Question: Did + Subject + Verb (base)?
        • Did you play football yesterday?
  2. Past Continuous (চলমান অতীত কাল)
    • Use: Action was ongoing at a specific time in the past
      → অতীতে নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে চলমান কাজ
    • Structure: Subject + was/were + Verb-ing
      • I was playing football at 5 p.m. yesterday.
      • They were playing football at 5 p.m. yesterday.

3. Future Tense (ভবিষ্যৎ কাল)

Types of Future Tense (ভবিষ্যৎ কাল-এর ধরন)

  1. Simple Future (সাধারণ ভবিষ্যৎ কাল)
    • Use: Action that will happen in the future
      → ভবিষ্যতে যা ঘটবে
    • Structure: Subject + will + Verb
      • I will play football tomorrow.
      • Negative: Subject + will not (won’t) + Verb
        • I will not (won’t) play football tomorrow.
      • Question: Will + Subject + Verb?
        • Will you play football tomorrow?
  2. Future Continuous (চলমান ভবিষ্যৎ কাল)
    • Use: Action that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future
      → ভবিষ্যতে নির্দিষ্ট সময়ে চলমান কাজ
    • Structure: Subject + will be + Verb-ing
      • I will be playing football at 5 p.m. tomorrow.

Practice Sentences (চর্চার বাক্য)

Present:

  • I eat breakfast at 7 a.m. every day.
  • She is reading a book now.

Past:

  • I visited my friend yesterday.
  • They were watching TV at 8 p.m. yesterday.

Future:

  • I will go to the market tomorrow.
  • He will be studying at 9 a.m. tomorrow.

Exercise (চর্চা)

Translate the following into Bangla:

  • “I am learning English now.”

  • “We visited the zoo last week.”

  • “She will come to the party tomorrow.”

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